Superficial leiomyosarcoma of the face in a human immunodeficiency virus infected albino

Edouma Bohimbo, Jacques Gérard; Wendpouiré Guiguimdé, Patrice Laurent; Tamoh Fokam, Stive; Godja, Gochede; Njitung, Caleb Tem; Bengondo Messanga, Charles

doi:10.21608/omx.2025.314240.1260

Superficial leiomyosarcoma of the face in a human immunodeficiency virus infected albino

Document Type : Case Report

Authors

¹ Department of oral, maxillofacial, and periodontal surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon

² Department of surgery and specialties, Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

³ Department of oral, maxillofacial and periodontal surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon

10.21608/omx.2025.314240.1260

Abstract

Introduction : Superficial leiomyosarcoma is a skin neoplasm of smooth muscle origin. It is commonly seen on the extremities, and it rarely affects the face. This is a presentation of a clinical case of superficial leiomyosarcoma in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patient with albinism, and the treatment carried out with its evolution.
Observation : A 47 years-old albino woman with an HIV infection presented with a recurrent skin tumour of the face. The symptomatology was non-specific. The treatment consisted on a healthy margin surgical resection, and a reconstruction with a local bilobed pedicled flap. The histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis were in favour of a superficial leiomyosarcoma, and permit to confirm the surgical margins. The follow-up of the patient was favourable with no recurrence after 22 months.
Conclusion : Superficial leiomyosarcoma is a differential diagnosis to take into consideration in front of a clinically suspected malignant skin tumour of the face. With albinism and HIV infection, two major risk factors of skin neoplasms, oral and maxillofacial surgeons should be aware of this. Its treatment is essentially surgical, with good results over time.

Keywords